Derry~Londonderry: A City of History, Resilience, and Culture

The world is the true classroom. The most rewarding and important type of learning is through experience, seeing something with our own eyes.”

jack hanna

Derry~Londonderry is a city with a complex and layered past. Situated on the western bank of the River Foyle in Northern Ireland, it is the only fully intact walled city on the island and one of the best-preserved in Europe. Walking its streets, visitors will find themselves immersed in a place where history, culture, and modern energy intersect.

Despite its turbulent history, Derry~Londonderry has emerged as a vibrant city that embraces both its past and future. From the imposing city walls to the moving murals of the Bogside, every corner tells a story. Whether you’re drawn by its history, its lively pubs, or its growing reputation as a cultural hotspot, Derry leaves an impression on all who visit.

For us, visiting Derry~Londonderry was more than just another travel experience—it was an opportunity to witness firsthand a city that has endured so much and emerged with a strong sense of identity and resilience. With its complex history of conflict, reconciliation, and renewal, we wanted to understand its past and present from a supportive and open-minded perspective. Walking through its streets, we felt the weight of history but also the warmth of a community that continues to move forward.

The History of Derry~Londonderry

Derry~Londonderry’s origins date back to the 6th century when Saint Colmcille founded a monastery here. The city took its modern form in the 17th century when English and Scottish settlers arrived during the Plantation of Ulster. They fortified the town and built the impressive walls that still stand today.

The city played a pivotal role in many conflicts, including the 1689 Siege of Derry. Protestant defenders held out against Catholic forces for 105 days, earning Derry the nickname “The Maiden City” because its walls were never breached. In the 20th century, Derry~Londonderry became central to the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Movement and the Troubles. The city bears visible scars from this era, especially in the Bogside murals, which depict the fight for justice and equality.

Derry~Londonderry’s significance extends beyond local history. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the city’s port became a departure point for Irish emigrants heading to North America. The Minnehaha, part of the McCorkell Line, carried thousands of emigrants across the Atlantic in search of a better life.

Early 20th Century

World War I

During World War I, the city contributed over 5,000 men from both Catholic and Protestant families to the British Army. Derry~Londonderry War Memorial, erected in 1927 at The Diamond, serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made during this time. This striking monument, with its solemn and reflective design, stands as a powerful reminder of the human cost of war and the resilience of the community. The memorial continues to serve as a place for reflection, a link between generations, and a symbol of the sacrifices made by the people of Derry~Londonderry during World War I.

Partition

Following the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the Partition of Ireland in 1921, Derry~Londonderry became a border city, severed from its traditional trade routes to County Donegal. This political divide reshaped the city’s future, isolating it economically and socially. Sectarian violence erupted in the early 1920s, leading to widespread rioting and the displacement of many families.

World War II

Derry~Londonderry played a significant role in the Battle of the Atlantic during World War II. The city served as a key base for Allied forces, including the Royal Navy, Royal Canadian Navy, and U.S. Navy. Its strategic location on the Atlantic made it vital for convoys heading to Europe. The first American naval base in Europe was secretly established in Derry as a precursor to the U.S. entering the war.

The city’s contribution was also marked by the 9th (Londonderry) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, known as the “Derry Boys.” At the end of the war, 60 German U-boats surrendered in Derry-Londonderry’s Lisahally harbor, marking a symbolic moment in the conflict.

Late 20th Century

The Civil Rights Movement

In the mid-20th century, Derry~Londonderry became a focal point for the civil rights movement in Northern Ireland. Catholics in the region faced widespread discrimination, and in 1968, the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association organized a march to protest this inequity. The march was met with violence, and tensions escalated into the Battle of the Bogside in 1969. This was one of the pivotal moments marking the start of the Troubles—a period of intense conflict that would shape Derry~Londonderry for decades.

Bloody Sunday

One of the darkest chapters in Derry~Londonderry modern history was Bloody Sunday, which occurred on January 30, 1972. During a civil rights protest in the Bogside, British paratroopers opened fire on unarmed civilians, killing 13 and wounding 13 more. This event deepened the divisions between the Catholic nationalist and Protestant unionist communities and became a focal point for the Troubles, which continued until the Good Friday Agreement in 1998.

Where is Derry~Londonderry?

Derry~Londonderry is located in Northern Ireland, near the border with County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland. The city spans both sides of the River Foyle, with the Cityside to the west and the Waterside to the east, connected by several bridges, including the iconic Peace Bridge. It is easily accessible from Belfast (approximately 1.5 hours by car) and Dublin (about 3 hours by car).

For those arriving by air, the City of Derry Airport offers regional flights, while larger international airports are located in Belfast.

Exploring the Old Town

Thanks to its compact layout, Derry~Londonderry’s Old Town is best explored on foot. At its core are the 17th-century city walls, stretching a mile around the center. From the top, visitors can enjoy views of the Renaissance-style street grid, historic buildings, and the surrounding landscape.

The Old Town is home to centuries-old architecture, including St. Columb’s Cathedral (1633), the city’s oldest building. The Guildhall, with its stunning stained-glass windows, tells the story of Derry’s development. Shipquay Street offers a lively mix of historic charm, modern energy, and excellent dining and shopping spots.

FAQS

Top Things to Do in Derry~Londonderry

1. Walk the Derry~Londonderry City Walls

Walking the Derry City Walls feels like stepping back in time. Built between 1613 and 1619, they form a one-mile circuit around the old town, offering fantastic views of the River Foyle and the city. As you walk, you’ll pass seven historic gates, cannons, and scenic spots where you can appreciate the city’s layout.

Remarkably, the walls have never been breached despite the city’s turbulent history. They played a crucial role during the 1689 Siege of Derry when defenders withstood King James III’s Forces. Walking these historic walls is not just about the view but also about connecting with Derry~Londonderry’s rich past and resilience.

2. Visit the Museum of Free Derry

Located in the Bogside neighborhood, the Museum of Free Derry offers a powerful look at the civil rights movement and the Troubles. The museum focuses on the events leading up to Bloody Sunday in 1972 when British soldiers shot and killed 13 unarmed civil rights protesters. Through exhibits featuring personal testimonies, photographs, and artifacts, visitors gain insight into the struggles faced by the people of Derry. This profoundly moving museum offers an essential perspective on the city’s recent history.

3. Explore the Guildhall

The Guildhall is one of Derry~Londondery’s most iconic landmarks. Built-in 1887, this neo-Gothic building is known for its stunning stained-glass windows, which beautifully illustrate key moments from the city’s history. Inside, you’ll find a free exhibition that delves into the Plantation of Ulster and Derry~Londonderry’s role in Irish history, offering a deeper look at the city’s past.

The main hall, with its impressive organ, is a highlight, and the architectural details make it a fascinating place to explore. The Guildhall also hosts various cultural events and concerts, adding to its vibrant, living legacy. It’s definitely a must-see for anyone visiting the city!

4. Cross the Peace Bridge

Opened in 2011, the Peace Bridge is a stunning modern landmark that crosses the River Foyle, linking the historically divided Cityside and Waterside communities. More than just a bridge, it stands as a symbol of reconciliation and unity, representing Derry’s ongoing journey toward healing after years of division.

As you walk across, you’ll be treated to beautiful views of the river, especially at sunset, making it the perfect spot for reflection. It’s a peaceful reminder of how far the city has come and how its communities are coming together.

Planning a trip to Northern Ireland? Check out our Northern Ireland Travel Guide

5. Tour St. Columb’s Cathedral

Built-in 1633, St. Columb’s Cathedral is the oldest surviving building in Derry~Londonderry and a must-see for history enthusiasts. Inside, you’ll find historical documents from the Siege of Derry, including letters and artifacts from that time, offering a deep dive into the city’s past.

The cathedral’s stunning Plantation Gothic architecture makes it a striking sight, and the tranquil grounds provide a peaceful spot to pause and reflect on Dublin’s rich history. It’s a place where the past and present come together beautifully.

6. Discover the Bogside Murals and Free Derry Corner

The Bogside area is famous for its powerful political murals, some of the most striking in the world. The iconic Free Derry Corner, first painted in 1969, serves as a lasting tribute to the civil rights movement and the struggle for justice in Northern Ireland.

As you stroll through the Bogside, the murals tell the story of key events from the Troubles, honoring both the activists who fought for their rights and the lives lost along the way. It’s a poignant experience that offers a deeper, more personal understanding of Dublin’s Recent history.

7. Visit the Tower Museum

Situated within the city walls, the Tower Museum offers a comprehensive history of Derry~Londonderry, from its earliest days to modern times. The museum is mainly known for its exhibition on La Trinidad Valencera, a Spanish Armada shipwreck discovered off the coast of Donegal. Interactive displays and detailed exhibits make this a fascinating stop for history enthusiasts. Additionally, the museum’s rooftop provides one of the best panoramic views of the city, allowing visitors to take in the stunning skyline.

8. Enjoy a Traditional Irish Pub

No visit to Derry~Londonderry is complete without experiencing its lively pub culture. Peadar O’Donnell’s is a favorite among locals and visitors alike, offering a cozy atmosphere and nightly live traditional Irish music. Whether you’re enjoying a pint of Guinness or soaking in the folk tunes, it’s a great place to immerse yourself in the city’s culture.

For a taste of history, head to The River Inn, the oldest licensed bar in Derry~Londonderry. Dating back to the 1600s, this charming pub combines rich history with a welcoming vibe, making it a must-visit spot for anyone looking to experience the heart of Derry’s drinking culture.

9. Explore the Siege Museum

For those interested in Derry~Londonderry’s deep-rooted history, the Siege Museum provides an in-depth look at the Siege of Derry and its lasting impact. The museum houses artifacts, paintings, and documents from the time, helping visitors understand the complex layers of Derry~Londonderry’s past. Exhibits focus on the Protestant experience during the siege, making it a valuable stop for those wanting to gain a fuller picture of the city’s history.

10. Attend the Foyle Maritime Festival (Seasonal)

Held along the River Foyle, the Foyle Maritime Festival is one of Derry~Londonderry’s most exciting annual events held in late June. The festival features tall ships, boat races, live music, food stalls, and family-friendly activities that celebrate the city’s maritime heritage. Though we were not there for the festival, we were told it is a fantastic event that attracts both locals and tourists, creating a vibrant and festive atmosphere along the waterfront. If you have the opportunity to visit during this festival, don’t miss out.

Where to Eat in Londonderry

Derry~Londonderry boasts a fantastic food scene, offering everything from hearty traditional Irish fare to inventive modern cuisine. Whether you’re craving comforting classics or looking to try something new, the city has something to satisfy every palate.

• If you’re in the mood for something modern and fresh, Browns in Town is a great choice. This contemporary bistro serves up locally sourced dishes with a creative twist, making it a popular spot for foodies looking to try something new.
• For a more upscale dining experience, head to The Exchange. Known for its excellent steaks and seafood, the stylish atmosphere makes it a perfect choice for a special evening out.
• If you want an authentic Irish experience, Badgers Bar & Restaurant is the place to go. With hearty traditional Irish meals and live music, it’s the perfect spot to relax and soak in the local vibe.
• Finally, if you’re in the mood for something more casual, check out Pyke “N’Pommes. This quirky food truck-turned-restaurant serves up creative street food with a great view of the River Foyle, offering a unique dining experience you won’t forget.

Where to Stay in Derry~Londonderry

There are many great accommodations, from budget to luxury and from hotels to home rentals. The key is to look closely at recent reviews and take the time to read t the details. Some suggestions include:

• BBishop’sGate Hotel – A luxurious stay in a historic setting.
• Shipquay Hotel – Boutique-style accommodation with great views and a central location.
• Maldron Hotel – A modern, comfortable option in the city center.
• Everglades Hotel – A stylish hotel just outside the city with top-notch amenities.

It is important to price out accommodations on various sites. Expedia is a US-based company, whereas Booking.com is Europe-based. Not all properties appear on both, so it is ideal to check both out. Our personal first choice is Booking.com. If the establishment has a website, check the price there as well. Click the link below to check out hotels and vacation homes in the area. It may be just the motivation you need to start planning that next grand adventure.

Final Thoughts

Our visit to Derry~Londonderry was unforgettable, offering a deep dive into a city full of history and resilience. From its origins as a monastic settlement to its key role in the Siege of Derry, we walked through streets rich with historical significance. As we learned about the city’s role in emigration and its place in the civil rights movement and the Troubles, we were in awe of how far Derry has come.

Exploring the city’s landmarks—the centuries-old city walls, the Guildhall, and the powerful murals in the Bogside—allowed us to connect with the struggles and triumphs of the past. But it was also clear that Derry~Londonderry is a city that has embraced change. Its lively cultural scene, thriving food spots, and the warmth of its people showed us that while the past is deeply woven into the city’s fabric, it’s also looking toward a hopeful future.

Derry~Londonderry is a city of contrasts—rich in history yet full of life and energy. It left us with a lasting impression, not just through its historical sites but also through the resilience and spirit of the community we felt while walking its streets. Our time in here was not just a chance to learn about the past but to experience firsthand how a city can embrace both its history and its future with strength and pride.

© 2025 Wanderers Compass All Rights Reserved

Check out the Official tourism website for Londonderry/Derry

Derry~Londonderry Photo Gallery

Our Top Recommended Travel Products

Travel Insurance

Squaremouth.com
Our favorite travel insurance site!

We strongly advocate for comprehensive travel insurance, not only for minor inconveniences but also for major, unexpected events like medical emergencies. We never leave home without it. Our go-to resource is Squaremouth.com. which offers a user-friendly platform that connects you with top-rated, reputable insurance carriers. Plus, they’ll mediate on your behalf if you run into any issues.

To empower you as a consumer, we recommend you read our blog post on why travel insurance is essential and how to secure the best coverage from leading companies at an affordable price.

buy now

MedjetAssist
Medical transport back home from anywhere in the world

Medjet is a leading provider of global air medical transport. Unlike traditional travel insurance, which typically covers medical evacuation to the nearest facility, Medjet goes further by ensuring you’re transported back to the U.S. to the hospital of your choice once you’re stable enough to fly. Medjet offers membership plans that focus on medical transport, while Medjet Horizon provides expanded coverage for broader protection. Individual trip policies start at just $99, and annual policies are available for around $300. Most policies have an age limit of 74.

To learn more about how Medical Evacuation membership with Medjet Assist works, check out our blog post for a more detailed review.  

Buy now

Accommodations and Airfare

Booking.com
Hotels, Home rentals, BNBs, Flights, and other Transportation & Tours 

Booking.com connects millions of travelers to unforgettable experiences, a wide range of transportation options, and incredible places to stay—from homes to hotels and beyond. As one of the world’s largest travel marketplaces, it supports well-known brands and entrepreneurs of all sizes. For its convenience, variety, and reliability, it’s our preferred booking platform.

Book now

Transportation

Expedia and VRBO
Hotels, home rentals, BNBs, flights, and other transportation & tours 

Expedia is a U.S.-based company with a mission to make global travel accessible to everyone, everywhere. At Wanderers Compass, we embrace independent travel, and platforms like Expedia are essential to making that a reality. Expedia allows you to book every aspect of your trip—from flights and accommodations to rental cars, cruises, and activities—making it a one-stop shop for all your travel needs.

Book now

Daytrip
Personalized city-to-city private car transfer service

Daytrip provides an affordable private car service for city-to-city transfers worldwide, and we absolutely love their service. It’s a cost-effective alternative to renting a car, providing comfortable, stress-free travel with the bonus of scenic stops along the way. For example, we used Daytrip for travel between Budapest and Vienna, enjoying some fantastic detours to local attractions. With professional drivers and customizable routes, Daytrip ensures a smooth ride while allowing you to explore hidden gems and unique sights along your journey.

To learn more about how Daytrip, check out our blog post for a more detailed review.  

Book now

Travel Experiences

Viator
The leading marketplace for travel experiences

Viator believes that travel is all about creating unforgettable memories. With over 300,000 experiences to choose from—ranging from simple tours to extreme adventures, plus a wide array of unique, niche activities—it’s never been easier to make lasting memories. We frequently use Viator during our travels and especially appreciate their flexible cancellation policy, which adds peace of mind to every booking.

Explore now

Communication products for seamless connectivity overseas

GigSky International eSIM Data Plans
Local Prices. No Roaming. Fastest Networks.

GigSky eSIM effortlessly connects travelers around the globe, eliminating the need to swap physical SIM cards or deal with surprise roaming charges. With affordable data plans and instant activation, you can enjoy reliable internet access in over 190 countries, making your travel experience more convenient than ever. Plus, they offer a fantastic deal: a free 100 MB data plan with no credit card required. They are so confident that you will love their service!

Enjoy 10% off all GigSky Plans (except cruise and inflight) with our discount code WCOMPASS10.

To learn more about how GigSky works, check out our blog post for a more detailed review.

SHOP NOW

Shopping

Wanderers Compass Amazon Storefront
An excellent source for all travel essentials and guides that we have vetted ourselves

Amazon is one of the world’s most comprehensive online shopping platforms, offering lower prices, a wide selection, and fast delivery through teams worldwide.

Shop now

This page contains affiliate links. When you purchase through these links, we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you. Thank you for your ongoing support!

Do you have a question for us or have a comment?